HVAC System

HVAC System

What is HVAC???

H = HEATING
V = VENTILATION
A = AIR
C = CONDITIONING

VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF HVAC

•  Shopping Malls

•  Auditorium & Theatres

•  Hospitals

•  Hotels and Restaurant

•  Offices

•  Commercial Complex

•  Luxury Apartments

•  InfoTech Parks

•  Pharma Industry

•  Telecom Industry

•  And many more……..!!!!!!
   

OUR HVAC SYSTEM!!!!!


Mainly our company consists of 2 different types of HVAC systems:-

• DX ( Direct Expansion) System

•  Central System

 FLOW DIAGRAM SHOWING VARIOUS TYPES OF HVAC Systems

Schematic diagram with Description of each Component in HVAC plant

1. External fresh air inlet.

2. Heat Exchange Unit: Exhaust air to be released in the atmosphere is used to normalize the
   temperature of the incoming fresh air. Both air flows are maintained separated.

3. Fresh air intake conduit: Supplies fresh air to the distributor.

4. Distributor: Electronically controlled, it manages the air flowing into the cooling and heating units and the ratio of fresh to recycled air.

5. Air supply ducts: Supply air to the heating and cooling units.

6. Electrostatic filters: Remove the smallest particles of dust, smoke, pollens and other contaminants.

7. Cooling (A/C) Unit: Electronically controlled, cools down the intake air to a temperature as a function of demand and other environment variables.

8. Cold air fan: Variable speed turbine type fan that maintains certain (positive) pressure in the cold air column.

9. Cold air column: Delivers cold air throughout the building.

10. Heating (Furnace) Unit: Electronically controlled, heats up the intake air to a temperature as a function of demand and other environment variables.

11. Warm air fan: Variable speed turbine type fan that maintains certain (positive) pressure in the warm air column.

12. Warm air column: Delivers warm air throughout the building.

13. Fresh air inlet: Electronically controlled, it allows a mixture of cold and warm air from the respective columns in the room.

14. Exhaust air outlets: Electronically controlled, remove exhaust air from the room.

15. Exhaust air column: Delivers the exhaust air from the building back to the power plant to complete the cycle.

16. Exhaust air fan: Variable speed turbine type fan that maintains certain (negative) pressure in the exhaust air column.

17. Recycled air distributor: Electronically controlled, it manages the volume of exhaust air released in the atmosphere and the portion of it used for recycling.

18. Exhaust air conduit: Air to be released is forced into the Heat Exchange Unit, where it is used to normalize the temperature of the incoming fresh air.

19. External exhaust air outlet.

Description:-

HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) is the technology of indoor and automotive environmental comfort. HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and officebuildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.

Heating:-

There are many different types of heating systems. Central heating is often used in cool climates to
heat houses and public buildings. Such a system contains a boiler, furnace, or heat pump to warm water, steam, or air in a central location such as a furnace room in a home or a mechanical room in a large building. The use of water as the heat transfer medium is known as hydronics. These systems also contain either duct. Ducts are used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) to deliver and remove air. These needed airflows include, for example, supply air, return air, and exhaust air. Ducts also deliver, most commonly as part of the supply air, ventilation air. Work for forced air systems or piping to distribute a heated fluid to radiators to transfer this heat to the air. The term radiator in this context is misleading since most heat transfer from the heat exchanger is by convection, not radiation. The radiators may be mounted on walls or installed within the floor to give floor heat.

Ventilation:-

An air handling unit is used for the heating and cooling of air in a central location. Ventilation is the process of changing or replacing air in any space to control temperature or remove any combination of moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, or carbon dioxide, and to replenish oxygen. Ventilation includes both the exchange of air with the outside as well as circulation of air within the building. It is one of the most important factors for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings.

Air conditioning :-

Air conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. Heat can be removed through radiation, convection, and by heat pump systems through the refrigeration cycle. Refrigeration conduction media such as water, air, ice, and chemicals are referred to as refrigerants. An air conditioning system provides cooling, ventilation, and humidity control for all or part of a building. The refrigeration cycle uses four essential elements to cool. The system refrigerant starts its cycle in a gaseous state.

The compressor pumps the refrigerant gas up to a high pressure and temperature. From there it enters a heat exchanger (sometimes called a "condensing coil" or condenser) where it loses energy (heat) to the outside, cools, and condenses into its liquid phase.The liquid refrigerant is returned to another heat exchanger where it is allowed to evaporate; hence the heat exchanger is often called an "evaporating coil" or evaporator. A metering device regulates the refrigerant liquid to flow at theproper rate. As the liquid refrigerant evaporates it absorbs energy (heat) from the inside air, returns to the compressor, and repeats the cycle. In the process, heat is absorbed from indoors and transferred outdoors, resulting in cooling of the building.

BASIC OPERATION CYCLE (HVAC)

Air Handling Unit

Air handling unit is a device used to condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (hvac) system. An air handler is usually a large metal box containing a blower, heating or cooling elements, filter racks or chambers, sound attenuators, and dampers. Air handlers usually connect to a ductwork ventilation system that distributes the conditioned air through the building and returns it to the ahu. Sometimes AHU’s discharge (supply) and admit (return) air directly to and from the space served without ductwork. Small air handlers, for local use, are called terminal units, and may only include an air filter, coil, and blower; these simple terminal units are called blower coils or fan coil units. A larger air handler that conditions 100% outside air, and no recirculated air, is known as a makeup air unit (mau). An air handler designed for outdoor use, typically on roofs, is known as a packaged unit (pu) or rooftop unit (rtu).